Table 1 Summary of Included Studies
From: The role of vitamin D testing and replacement in fibromyalgia: a systematic literature review
Author | Year | Study Design | Country | Definition of FMS | Control Characteristic | Season of Measurement | Age of Patients | Age of Controls | Sex | No. Patients | No. of Controls | Threshold of Vit D deficiency (ng/ml) | Method of Vit D measure | NC-Ottawa Scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al-Allaf et al. | 2003 | CSS | UK | ACR 1990 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | No mention | 42.5 ± 3.6 | 42.5 ± 4.3 | F | 40 | 37 | 8 | No mention | 7 |
Warner et al. | 2008 | CSS & RCT | USA | ACR 1990. Tender points exam omitted | Osteoarthritis affecting fewer than 3 joints. Not age or sex matched. | Spring & Summer (May-Aug) | 54.4 ± 11.7 | 66.4 ± 10.5 | M + F | 184 | 104 | 20 | Liquid chromatography | 5 N/A for RCT component |
Tandeter et al. | 2009 | CSS | Israel | ACR 1990 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | No mention | 43.83 ± 7.57 | 40.37 ± 9.85 | F | 68 | 82 | 20 | ELISA | 6 |
Atherton et al. | 2009 | CSS | UK | ACR 1990 | Participants without chronic pain in 1958 nationwide biomedical survey | Autumn–Spring (Sep-Mar) | 45 | 45 | M + F | 743 | 5593 | 20 | ELISA | 7 |
Ulusoy et al. | 2010 | CSS | Turkey | ACR 1990 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | Spring & Summer (May–June) | 20–40 | 20–40 | F | 30 | 30 | 20 | Liquid chromatography | 7 |
McBeth et al. | 2010 | CSS | Italy, Belgium, Poland, Sweden, UK, Spain, Estonia, Hungary | ACR 1990 | Individuals with no pain | No mention | 40–79 | 40–79 | M + F | 263 | 1262 | 20 | radioimmunoassay | 7 |
de Rezende Pena et al. | 2010 | CSS | Brazil | ACR 1990 | Individuals with no pain | Summer in S. hemisphere (Nov-Jan) | 18–60, 44.87 ± 8.57 | 18–60, 32.03 ± 10.57 | M + F | 87 | 92 | 15 | Liquid chromatography | 5 |
Olama et al. | 2013 | CSS | Egypt | ACR 1990 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | Spring & Summer (May–July) | 32.3 ± 9.4 | 33.1 ± 9.7 | F | 50 | 50 | 20 | ELISA | 7 |
Okumus et al. | 2013 | CSS | Turkey | ACR1990 | Mechanical low back pain; age & sex matched | Winter & Spring (Nov-Mar) | 41.23 ± 4.8 | 39.48 ± 4.08 | F | 40 | 40 | 37.5 | radioimmunoassay | 5 |
Mateos et al. | 2014 | CSS | Spain | No mention | Age & sex matched healthy controls | Autumn & Winter (Nov-Dec) | 51 ± 9.6 | 51.3 ± 9.9 | F | 205 | 205 | 8 | chemiluminescence | 5 |
Wepner et al. | 2014 | RCT | Austria | ACR 1990 & 2010 | Individuals with FMS not receiving vit D supplement | Summer | 48.37 ± 5.301 | 48.37 ± 5.301 | M + F | 15 | 15 | 32 | No mention | N/A |
Okyay et al. | 2016 | CSS | Turkey | ACR1990 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | Summer | 36.97 ± 8.95 | 35.75 ± 10.67 | F | 79 | 80 | 20 | ELISA | 7 |
Yildirim et al. | 2016 | CSS | Turkey | ACR 1990 & 2010 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | No mention | 49.4 ± 9.2 | 50.8 ± 8.8 | F | 99 | 99 | 20 | ELISA | 6 |
Maafi et al. | 2016 | CSS | Iran | ACR 1990 & 2010 | Age & sex matched healthy controls | Spring–Autumn (Apr-Sep) | 37.96 ± 9.8 | 32.63 ± 10.1 | F | 74 | 68 | 20 | chemiluminescence | 6 |