Fig. 4

Cartilage ECM turnover serological biomarker release into explant conditioned media. The full-depth bovine articular cartilage explants were cultured either in absence (untreated), or in the presence of a catabolic stimuli: OSM [10 ng/ml] + TNFα [20 ng/ml], or IL-17A [100 ng/ml, 25 ng/ml] for 21 days with conditioned media exchanged three times a week. a ADAMTS-mediated aggrecan degradation fragment exAGNx1 release into conditioned media measured at day 0, 5, 7, 10, 14, 19 and 21 represented as fold-change to untreated. b AUC, as an indication of total signal, was calculated from each explant’s AGNx1 release over time. c MMP-mediated type II collagen degradation fragment C2M release into conditioned media measured at day 0, 7, 10, 14, 19 and 21 represented as fold-change to untreated. d AUC, as an indication of total signal, was calculated from each explant’s C2M release over time. e MMP-mediated type III collagen degradation fragment C3M release into conditioned media measured at day 0, 7, 10, 14, 19 and 21 represented as fold-change to untreated. d AUC, as an indication of total signal, was calculated from each explant’s C3M release over time. Asterisks (*) represent statistical significance level compared to untreated: *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001