Table 1 Cases of HEV infection in patients with autoimmune diseases and treated with DMARDs
From: Hepatitis E Virus and rheumatic diseases: what do rheumatologists need to know?
No.ptREF | Gender/age | RD | b/tsDMARD/withdrawal | csDMARD/ withdrawal | PDN (mg/d) | HEV Gt | Ribavirin | HEV-RNA clearance (weeks) | Evolution of HEV infection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 [47] | M/60 | RA | IFX/NA | MTX,BUC/NA | yes (dose NA) | 4 | NO | NR | died due to FE |
F/69 | RA | ABA/ YES | LEF/ Yes | 5 | 3 | NO | NR | Improved | |
M/55 | RA | RTX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | YES (NA) | 3 | YES | 12 | improved | |
F/62 | RA | IFX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved | |
M/72 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX,LEF/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
F/49 | RA | TCZ/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | 3f | NO | 6 | ALF,improved | |
F/69 | RA | ABA/ YES | LEF/ Yes | 5 | 3f | NO | 7 | improved | |
M/69 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 10,5 | improved | |
M/61 | RA | RTX/ NO | LEF/ Yes | 3 | NA | NO | 8 | ALF,improved | |
F/53 | RA | ABA/YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 9 | improved | |
F/44 | RA | RTX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | 3c | NO | 9,5 | improved | |
F/55 | RA | ETN/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved | |
F/60 | RA | ADA/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 4 | 3f | NO | 8 | improved | |
M/59 | RA | TCZ/YES | MTX/ Yes | 7 | NA | NO | 4 | improved | |
15 [47] | F/68 | RA | n/a | MTX/ Yes | 5/weekly | NA | NO | 5,7 | improved |
16 [47] | F/33 | RA | TCZ/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
17 [47] | F/64 | RA | Â | MTX, BUC/NA | NO | 3 | NO | NR | improved |
18 [47] | F/74 | RA | TOF/ YES | n/a | YES (NA) | 3 | NO | NR | improved |
19 [47] | F/52 | RA | Â | MTX/NA | NO | 3 | NO | NR | improved |
20 [47] | F/51 | RA | RTX/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | YES | 8 | improved |
F/58 | RA | Â | ACT,BUC,MIZ/ No | 5 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
M/61 | RA | ETN/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | NA | NO | NA | improved | |
M/67 | RA | Â | MTX,TAC/ Yes | 5 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
F/52 | RA | Â | MTX,MIZ,TAC/ Yes | 4 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
25 [47] | M/63 | RA | ADA/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | 3 | YES | 6 wks after ribavirin | chronic infection then improved |
26 [47] | F/63 | RA | TCZ/ YES | n/a | 3 | 3e | NO | 6 | Improved |
27 [23] | F/39 | RA | Â | LEF/ Yes | 10 | 3 | NO | About 7,8 | Improved |
28 [48] | F/65 | pSS | RTX/ YES | MMF/ Yes | NA | 3 | YES | NR | Chronic infection |
29 [49] | F/30 | JIA | IFX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 6 | 3f | YES | 4 | Impreved |
30 [49] | F/54 | AS | ADA/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 4 | Improved |
31 [49] | M/62 | PsA | Â | MTX/ Yes | NO | 3c | YES | 7 | Improved |
32 [49] | F/52 | AS | INF/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 3 | Improved |
33 [49] | F/25 | PsA | Â | MTX/ Yes | 20 | NA | NO | NR | Improved |
34 [49] | M/70 | UA | Â | MTX/ Yes | 5 | 3c | NO | 6 | Improved |
35 [49] | F/30 | PsA | Â | CyA/ Yes | NO | 3f | YES | 7,5 | Improved c |
36 [49] | M/38 | AS | IFX/ YES | LEF/ No | 4,5 | NA | NO | NR | improved |
37 [49] | M/40 | AS | ETN/YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
38 [49] | F/79 | JA | Â | MTX/ Yes | 2 | NA | NO | NR | improved |
39 [49] | M/35 | AS | INF/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
40 [49] | M/61 | PsA | ADA/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
41 [50] | M/57 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 11 | improved |
42 [50] | F/69 | RA | TNFia/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
43 [50] | F/56 | SLE | TNFIa/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
44 [50] | F/65 | RA | Â | MTX/ Yes | NO | 1 | NO | 4 | improved |
45 [50] | F/75 | RA | Â | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 18 | improved |
46 [50] | M/67 | PsA | TNFIa/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | YES | 11 | improved |
47 [50] | M/58 | ECD | TNFIa/ YESb | MTX/ Yesb | NO | NA | NO | 3 | improved |
48 [50] | M/59 | GRA | Â | CYC/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
49 [50] | F/51 | RA | ABA/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 16 | Improved |
50 [50] | F/30 | JIA | TNFia/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | YES | 4 | Improved |
51 [50] | F/54 | PsA | TNFia/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 5 | Improved |
52 [50] | M/62 | PsA | Â | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | YES | 7 | Improved |
53 [50] | F/52 | AS | IFX/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 3 | Improved |
54 [50] | F/25 | PsA | TNFia/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | <  1 | Improved |
55 [50] | M/70 | UA | Â | MTX/ Yes | YES (NA) | NA | NO | 6 | Improved |
56 [50] | M/29 | GRA |  | MMF/n/a | 7,5 | NA | YES | 48 | clearance riba†|
57 [50] | M/34 | RF |  | SIRO/ No | 60 | NA | YES | 96 | riba clearance†|
58 [50] | M/55 | PsA | TNFia/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 3 | Improved |
59 [52] | M/33 | CD/PSC | ADA/ NO | 6-MP/ Yes | 5 | 1 | YES | about 24 | clearance riba†|
60 [51] | F/60 | UC | INF/ NO | MES/ Yes | 10 | 3a | NO | about 2 | Improved |