Table 1 Cases of HEV infection in patients with autoimmune diseases and treated with DMARDs
From: Hepatitis E Virus and rheumatic diseases: what do rheumatologists need to know?
| No.ptREF | Gender/age | RD | b/tsDMARD/withdrawal | csDMARD/ withdrawal | PDN (mg/d) | HEV Gt | Ribavirin | HEV-RNA clearance (weeks) | Evolution of HEV infection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 [47] | M/60 | RA | IFX/NA | MTX,BUC/NA | yes (dose NA) | 4 | NO | NR | died due to FE |
| 2 [47, 49] | F/69 | RA | ABA/ YES | LEF/ Yes | 5 | 3 | NO | NR | Improved |
| 3 [47, 49] | M/55 | RA | RTX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | YES (NA) | 3 | YES | 12 | improved |
| 4 [47, 49] | F/62 | RA | IFX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
| 5 [47, 49] | M/72 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX,LEF/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 6 [47, 49] | F/49 | RA | TCZ/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | 3f | NO | 6 | ALF,improved |
| 7 [47, 49] | F/69 | RA | ABA/ YES | LEF/ Yes | 5 | 3f | NO | 7 | improved |
| 8 [47, 49] | M/69 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 10,5 | improved |
| 9 [47, 49] | M/61 | RA | RTX/ NO | LEF/ Yes | 3 | NA | NO | 8 | ALF,improved |
| 10 [47, 49] | F/53 | RA | ABA/YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 9 | improved |
| 11 [47, 49] | F/44 | RA | RTX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | 3c | NO | 9,5 | improved |
| 12 [47, 49] | F/55 | RA | ETN/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
| 13 [47, 49] | F/60 | RA | ADA/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 4 | 3f | NO | 8 | improved |
| 14 [47, 49] | M/59 | RA | TCZ/YES | MTX/ Yes | 7 | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
| 15 [47] | F/68 | RA | n/a | MTX/ Yes | 5/weekly | NA | NO | 5,7 | improved |
| 16 [47] | F/33 | RA | TCZ/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 17 [47] | F/64 | RA | MTX, BUC/NA | NO | 3 | NO | NR | improved | |
| 18 [47] | F/74 | RA | TOF/ YES | n/a | YES (NA) | 3 | NO | NR | improved |
| 19 [47] | F/52 | RA | MTX/NA | NO | 3 | NO | NR | improved | |
| 20 [47] | F/51 | RA | RTX/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | YES | 8 | improved |
| 21 [15, 47] | F/58 | RA | ACT,BUC,MIZ/ No | 5 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
| 22 [15, 47] | M/61 | RA | ETN/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | NA | NO | NA | improved |
| 23 [15, 47] | M/67 | RA | MTX,TAC/ Yes | 5 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
| 24 [15, 47] | F/52 | RA | MTX,MIZ,TAC/ Yes | 4 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
| 25 [47] | M/63 | RA | ADA/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 3 | 3 | YES | 6 wks after ribavirin | chronic infection then improved |
| 26 [47] | F/63 | RA | TCZ/ YES | n/a | 3 | 3e | NO | 6 | Improved |
| 27 [23] | F/39 | RA | LEF/ Yes | 10 | 3 | NO | About 7,8 | Improved | |
| 28 [48] | F/65 | pSS | RTX/ YES | MMF/ Yes | NA | 3 | YES | NR | Chronic infection |
| 29 [49] | F/30 | JIA | IFX/ YES | MTX/ Yes | 6 | 3f | YES | 4 | Impreved |
| 30 [49] | F/54 | AS | ADA/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 4 | Improved |
| 31 [49] | M/62 | PsA | MTX/ Yes | NO | 3c | YES | 7 | Improved | |
| 32 [49] | F/52 | AS | INF/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 3 | Improved |
| 33 [49] | F/25 | PsA | MTX/ Yes | 20 | NA | NO | NR | Improved | |
| 34 [49] | M/70 | UA | MTX/ Yes | 5 | 3c | NO | 6 | Improved | |
| 35 [49] | F/30 | PsA | CyA/ Yes | NO | 3f | YES | 7,5 | Improved c | |
| 36 [49] | M/38 | AS | IFX/ YES | LEF/ No | 4,5 | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 37 [49] | M/40 | AS | ETN/YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 38 [49] | F/79 | JA | MTX/ Yes | 2 | NA | NO | NR | improved | |
| 39 [49] | M/35 | AS | INF/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 40 [49] | M/61 | PsA | ADA/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | NR | improved |
| 41 [50] | M/57 | RA | RTX/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 11 | improved |
| 42 [50] | F/69 | RA | TNFia/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
| 43 [50] | F/56 | SLE | TNFIa/ NO | MTX/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved |
| 44 [50] | F/65 | RA | MTX/ Yes | NO | 1 | NO | 4 | improved | |
| 45 [50] | F/75 | RA | MTX/ No | NO | NA | YES | 18 | improved | |
| 46 [50] | M/67 | PsA | TNFIa/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | YES | 11 | improved |
| 47 [50] | M/58 | ECD | TNFIa/ YESb | MTX/ Yesb | NO | NA | NO | 3 | improved |
| 48 [50] | M/59 | GRA | CYC/ No | NO | NA | NO | 4 | improved | |
| 49 [50] | F/51 | RA | ABA/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 16 | Improved |
| 50 [50] | F/30 | JIA | TNFia/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | YES | 4 | Improved |
| 51 [50] | F/54 | PsA | TNFia/ NO | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 5 | Improved |
| 52 [50] | M/62 | PsA | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | YES | 7 | Improved | |
| 53 [50] | F/52 | AS | IFX/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 3 | Improved |
| 54 [50] | F/25 | PsA | TNFia/ YES | MTX/ Yes | NO | NA | NO | < 1 | Improved |
| 55 [50] | M/70 | UA | MTX/ Yes | YES (NA) | NA | NO | 6 | Improved | |
| 56 [50] | M/29 | GRA | MMF/n/a | 7,5 | NA | YES | 48 | clearance riba† | |
| 57 [50] | M/34 | RF | SIRO/ No | 60 | NA | YES | 96 | riba clearance† | |
| 58 [50] | M/55 | PsA | TNFia/ YES | n/a | NO | NA | NO | 3 | Improved |
| 59 [52] | M/33 | CD/PSC | ADA/ NO | 6-MP/ Yes | 5 | 1 | YES | about 24 | clearance riba† |
| 60 [51] | F/60 | UC | INF/ NO | MES/ Yes | 10 | 3a | NO | about 2 | Improved |