Table 1 CXCL13 in RA versus healthy controls and correlation with disease activity

Pandya et al. (2017) [14]

N = 57. ERA. preDMARD

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

Not published

No correlation (data not presented): DAS28-CRP, DAS28-ESR, ESR, SJC28

Moura et al. (2017) [15]

N = 33. ERA, EstRA csDMARD, DMARD

Serum by ELISA

ERA/EstRA > HC ERA = EstRA

Not published (individual levels in figure)

No correlation (data not presented): DAS28-ESR, ESR, SJC28, TJC28

Han et al. (2016) [16]

N = 29. EstRA

TNFi (ADA & ETN)

Serum by ELISA

RA RF+: 372 (± 649), RA RF-: 40 (± 56)

No correlation (data not presented): DAS28-ESR, ESR but correlated with change in DAS28-ESR (r = 0.54). 

Higher in ACPA & RF positive patients

Kumagai et al.* (2016) [17]

N = 146. EstRA bDMARD

Serum by ELISA

EstRA > HC

Not published

Correlation: DAS28-CRP (r = 0.52)

Loza et al.* (2016) [18]

N = 916. ERA

Anti-IL6

Serum by ELISA/MSD /Luminex

EstRA > HC

Not published

Bugatti et al.* (2016) [19]

N = 213. EstRA

csDMARD

Both, method not published

Not published

Lower correlation with disease activity compared to CRP (data not presented). Predict failure to achieve LDA. Correlated with RF (data not presented). Higher in ACPA+ patients.

Han et al. (2015) [20]

N = 111. ERA csDMARD, DMARD

Serum by ELISA

EstRA > HC

Not published

Yeo et al.* (2015) [21]

N = 29. ERA preDMARD

Synovial by mRNA qPCR

Not published

Correlation: US power doppler (data not presented)

Bugatti et al.* (2014) [22]

N = 71. ERA, EstRA csDMARD

Synovial by mRNA qPCR

Not published

ACPA & radiographic erosive disease associated greater expression CXCL13 (data not presented)

Greisen et al. (2014) [23]

N = 114. ERA csDMARD, TNFi

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

RA: 149 (75–245) HC: 50 (29–93)

Correlation: B/L SJC28 (r = 0.34) PGA (r = 0.38) not TJC28

Bugatti et al.* (2014) [24]

N = 205 csDMARD

Serum by ELISA

Not published

Correlation: ESR (r = 0.35), CRP (r = 0.36) DAS28 & US grey scale/power doppler (data not presented)

Moura et al. (2014) [25]

Unpublished

Serum by ELISA

ERA/EstRA > HC

Not published

No correlation: DAS28-ESR, ESR, SJC28, TJC28 (data not presented)

Jones et al. (2014) [26].

EstRA N = 193

ERA N = 339

Serum by ELISA

EstRA RF+: 331 (250–431), EstRA RF-: 93 (71–124), ERA RF+: 324 (224–478), ERA RF-: 50 (35–78)

Correlation DAS28-CRP (r = 0.52) in EstRA. Correlation RF in ERA (r = 0.54) & EstRA (0.45)

Sellam et al. (2013) [27]

N = 278. ERA

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

Correlation: DAS28-CRP (r = 0.20)

Sherif et al. (2013) [28]

N = 30. ERA

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

RA + sSS: 137(±63), RA -sSS: 165(±91), HC: 12 (±2.2)

Correlation: DAS28-ESR (r = 0.68), disease duration (r = 0.41)

Ahmed et al. (2013) [29]

N = 30. ERA

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

RA: 120–350 HC: 8–30

Correlation: DAS28-ESR (0.42) US power doppler (r = 0.69)

Setiadi et al.* (2013) [30]

N = 1135. ERA

Serum, method not published

ERA > HC

Not published

Bugatti et al. (2012) [31]

N = 180. ERA

Serum by ELISA

ERA > HC

RA: 73 (47–117), HC: 54 (42–63)

Correlation: DAS44-ESR (r = 0.35) SJC44 (r = 0.28) CRP (r = 0.42) ESR (r = 0.41) US grey scale (r = 0.27) US power doppler (r = 0.26)

Meeuwisee et al. (2011) [32]

N = 229. ERA

Serum by ELISA

Cohort 1: 167 (±86), Cohort 2: 156 (±99)

Correlation: CRP (r = 0.43), ESR (r = 0.30), SJC66 (r = 0.23). Associated with radiographic erosive disease and failure to achieve remission. Levels higher in RF/ACPA patients.