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Table 2 Association of baseline variables with HAQ-DI and EQ-5D-3L index scores in biologic DMARD-naïve patients

From: Factors associated with disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with persistent moderate disease activity: a retrospective cohort study

Baseline variable

12-month HAQ-DI score

12-month change in HAQ-DI score

12-month EQ-5D-3L score

12-month change in EQ-5D-3L score

Univariate

Multivariate

Univariate

Multivariate

Univariate

Multivariate

Univariate

Multivariate

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

Age

0.01

0.017

0.00

0.284

0.00

0.084

0.00

0.035

0.00

0.595

–

–

0.00

0.849

–

–

Male sex

−0.36

0.010

−0.19

0.134

−0.01

0.948

–

–

0.24

0.182

–

–

0.30

0.149

–

–

White

Ref

–

–

–

Ref

–

–

–

Ref

–

Ref

–

Ref

–

Ref

–

Black

0.25

0.105

–

–

−0.06

0.547

–

–

−0.52

0.013

−0.44

0.017

−0.12

0.086

−0.16

0.010

Asian

−0.39

0.113

–

–

−0.15

0.354

–

–

0.34

0.246

−0.15

0.571

0.07

0.495

0.06

0.506

Mixed

−0.17

0.675

–

–

−0.04

0.888

–

–

0.47

0.329

0.21

0.610

0.24

0.139

0.16

0.268

Other

0.16

0.571

–

–

0.17

0.357

–

–

−0.61

0.100

−0.52

0.095

−0.08

0.523

−0.13

0.207

Disease duration

0.01

0.037

0.01

0.208

0.01

0.197

–

–

0.00

0.941

–

–

0.00

0.854

–

–

RF positive

−0.45

< 0.001

−0.19

0.051

−0.06

0.486

–

–

0.07

0.708

–

–

−0.10

0.102

–

–

Corticosteroids

−0.02

0.906

–

–

0.05

0.685

–

–

0.23

0.365

–

–

0.30

0.710

–

–

DAS28-ESR

0.21

0.048

−0.01

0.881

−0.08

0.254

–

–

−0.05

0.708

–

–

0.05

0.282

–

–

Swollen joint count

−0.06

0.002

−0.02

0.227

−0.01

0.415

–

–

0.08

0.006

0.04

0.184

0.00

0.664

–

–

Tender joint count

0.01

0.637

–

–

0.00

0.926

–

–

0.00

0.853

–

–

0.00

0.576

–

–

PtGA

0.01

< 0.001

0.00

0.225

0.00

0.008

0.00

0.643

−0.01

< 0.001

0.00

0.502

0.00

0.069

0.00

0.197

ESR

0.00

0.626

–

–

0.00

0.971

–

–

0.00

0.678

–

–

0.00

0.662

–

–

DMARD monotherapy

Ref

–

–

–

Ref

–

–

–

Ref

–

Ref

–

Ref

–

–

–

DMARD combination

0.05

0.646

–

–

0.07

0.340

–

–

−0.40

0.008

−0.44

0.002

−0.08

0.138

–

–

No DMARDs

−0.65

0.171

–

–

−0.10

0.738

–

–

−0.01

0.989

−0.48

0.300

−0.26

0.160

–

–

HAQ-DI

0.79

< 0.001

0.67

< 0.001

−0.21

< 0.001

−0.21

< 0.001

−0.65

< 0.001

−0.57

< 0.001

0.01

0.739

–

–

EQ-5D-3L index

−1.30

< 0.001

−0.45

0.119

0.00

0.977

–

–

1.52

< 0.001

0.27

0.527

−0.54

< 0.001

−0.73

< 0.001

EQ-5D-3L pain

0.47

< 0.001

−0.17

0.272

−0.09

0.347

–

–

−0.76

< 0.001

−0.11

0.623

0.20

< 0.001

−0.05

0.497

EQ-5D-3L anxiety/depression

0.34

< 0.001

0.11

0.242

0.003

0.621

–

–

−0.56

< 0.001

−0.56

0.089

0.10

0.008

−0.04

0.353

  1. β- and P-values are from linear regression models that included endpoint HAQ-DI score, endpoint EQ-5D-3L index score (rank-transformed), 12-month change in HAQ-DI score or 12-month change in EQ-5D-3L index score as the response variable and each baseline variable as the explanatory variable (univariate model) or all baseline variables with P-values < 0.1 from univariate analysis (multivariate model); P-values shown in bold are significant (< 0.05)
  2. Abbreviations: DAS28-ESR Disease Activity Score for 28-joint count based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, DMARD disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, EQ-5D-3L 3-level EuroQol 5-Dimensions questionnaire, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HAQ-DI Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, PtGA Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity on a 10 cm visual analogue scale, Ref reference group, RF rheumatoid factor
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BMC Rheumatology

ISSN: 2520-1026

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