Table 1 Detailed review of published cases
First author, year | Timing of onset of infection | Clinical symptoms | Immunosuppressive agents used | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Böcher, 2002 | Not described | livid nodules on hands, forearms, and feet, necrotizing skin ulcers, tendon rupture; fever | MTX | CPF, ETA, CLM | Clinical remission |
Chopra, 2003 | 2 years after RA-diagnosis | wrist swelling of the right hand | ETN | CLM | Clinical remission |
Roddy, 2008 | 5 years after RA-diagnosis | erythematous macules and papules. Following progression to pustules and fluctuant nodules, which both hands and arms | MTX | CPF, CLM,, DXC | still recovering |
Hess, 2009 | Not described | right fourth digit was swollen and associated with fissuring and crusting; subcutaneous nodules on dorsal hand and forearm | MTX, SSZ, INF | AZM, ETA, TMT | improvement but still significant functional impairment of the finger |
Danko, 2009 | 15 years after RA-diagnosis | erythematous nodules on upper thighs and lower lip | MTX, INF | RAP, INH, PZA, ETA | No new lesions |
Caron, 2011 | Treatment over the previous 18 months | Inflammatory lesion on her right index and nodules on the ipsilateral forearm | ADA | CLM, MC | Clinical remission |
Bakker, 2913 | Not described | Erythematous livid papules and necrotic nodules on right hand and both legs | MTX, ADA | ETA, CLM | Clinical remission |
Papathemell, 2016 | Not described | subcutaneous nodules on her legs | LEF, AZA | ETA, CLM, RAP | Stabilization of the disease |