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Table 1 Characteristics of patients in each SpA subgroup and for women and men (n = 1426)

From: A combination of two or more unhealthy lifestyle factors is associated with impaired physical and mental health in patients with spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study

SpA subgroup

All

Women

Men

AS, no

433

175

258

Age, years

57.5 (13.3)

56.0 (13.8)

58.4 (12.8)

Symptom duration, years

28.7 (13.7)

25.2 (13.7)

31.0 (13.3)

EQ-5D (0–1)a

0.68 (0.26)

0.64 (0.27)

0.70 (0.25)

BASDAI (0–10)

3.6 (2.2)

4.2 (2.2)

3.2 (2.2)

BASFI (0–10)

3.2 (2.6)

3.5 (2.6)

3.0 (2.5)

Pain (0–10)

3.9 (2.5)

4.3 (2.4)

3.5 (2.5)

Fatigue (0–10)

4.6 (2.7)

5.4 (2.6)

4.1 (2.6)

HADs, anxiety (0–21)

5.5 (4.3)

6.1 (4.4)

5.2 (4.2)

HADs, depression (0–21)

4.1 (3.4)

3.9 (3.2)

4.2 (3.5)

HEPA yes/no, n (%)

226/207 (52/48)

74/101 (42/58)

152/106 (59/41)

BMI (kg/m2)

25.9 (3.7)

25.1 (3.9)

26.4 (3.5)

Smoking no/stopped/yes, n (%)

203/182/48 (47/42/11)

84/67/24 (48/38/14)

119/115/24 (46/45/9)

Snuff/snus no/stopped/yes, n (%)

336/45/46 (78/10/11)

161/5/5 (92/3/3)

175/40/41 (68/16/16)

PsA, no

745

418

327

Age, years

59.7 (12.4)

58.8 (12.8)

60.9 (11.9)

Symptom duration, years

19.9 (12.5)

20.2 (13.4)

19.5 (11.3)

EQ-5D (0–1)a

0.66 (0.24)

0.63 (0.26)

0.70 (0.22)

BASDAI (0–10)

4.0 (2.2)

4.5 (2.1)

3.3 (2.1)

BASFI (0–10)

3.2 (2.5)

3.8 (2.4)

2.5 (2.3)

Pain (0–10)

4.2 (2.4)

4.7 (2.3)

3.6 (2.5)

Fatigue (0–10)

4.9 (2.7)

5.5 (2.5)

4.1 (2.7)

HADs, anxiety (0–21)

5.5 (4.3)

6.2 (4.6)

4.7 (3.9)

HADs, depression (0–21)

4.2 (3.6)

4.5 (3.7)

3.9 (3.4)

HEPA yes/no, n (%)

343/402 (46/54)

168/250 (40/60)

175/152 (54/46)

BMI (kg/m2)

27.1 (4.7)

26.8 (5.0)

27.4 (4.3)

Smoking no/stopped/yes, n (%)

291/352/97 (39/47/13)

147/193/77 (35/46/18)

144/159/20 (44/49/6)

Snuff/snus no/stopped/yes, n (%)

582/56/80 (78/8/11)

371/4/21 (89/1/5)

211/52/59 (65/16/18)

USpA, no

248

155

93

Age, years

52.9 (12.9)

52.6 (13.2)

53.5 (12.3)

Symptom duration, years

19.9 (12.3)

19.5 (11.9)

20.5 (13.0)

EQ-5D (0–1)a

0.68 (0.24)

0.67 (0.23)

0.70 (0.25)

BASDAI (0–10)

4.0 (2.3)

4.3 (2.3)

3.5 (2.3)

BASFI (0–10)

2.9 (2.4)

3.3 (2.4)

2.3 (2.2)

Pain (0–10)

4.1 (2.5)

4.4 (2.6)

3.7 (2.4)

Fatigue (0–10)

4.9 (2.9)

5.2 (2.8)

4.3 (2.8)

HADs, anxiety (0–21)

5.5 (4.5)

5.7 (4.5)

5.2 (4.5)

HADs, depression (0–21)

4.1 (3.9)

4.1 (3.9)

4.1 (4.0)

HEPA yes/no, n (%)

128/120 (52/48)

78/77 (50/50)

50/43 (54/46)

BMI (kg/m2)

26.0 (4.5)

26.0 (4.8)

26.0 (4.1)

Smoking no/stopped/yes, n (%)

137/83/28 (55/34/11)

84/51/20 (54/33/13)

53/32/8 (57/34/9)

Snuff/snus no/stopped/yes, n (%)

211/8/22 (85/3/9)

141/2/6 (91/1/4)

70/7/16 (75/7/17)

  1. Values are mean (SD), unless otherwise indicated
  2. SpA spondyloarthritis, AS ankylosing spondylitis, PsA psoriatic arthritis, USpA undifferentiated spondyloarthritis, EQ-5D EuroQoL 5-Dimensions, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, HADs Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, HEPA health-enhancing physical activity, BMI body mass index
  3. aUtilities calculated by the British time trade-off-based preference set. Missing data: symptom duration: 108 (8%), EQ-5D: 66 (5%), BASDAI: 31 (2%), BASFI: 24 (1.7%), Pain/Fatigue 5 (0.3%), HADs anxiety/depression: 9 (0.6%), Smoking: 5 (0.4%), Snuff: 40 (2.8%)