Table 1 Baseline and disease characteristic
Baseline characteristics | Metformin group (n = 160) | Control group (n = 147) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) Median (IQR) | 70.6 (65.1–77.2) | 74.4 (66.7–79.6) | 0.0187 |
Male gender (%) | 114 (71.3) | 104 (70.8) | 0.923 |
BMI (kg/m2) Median (IQR)* | 30.1 (27.3–33.2) | 31.2 (26.2–35.7) | 0.8495 |
Alcohol use (%) | 69 (43.1) | 59 (40.1) | 0.248 |
Comorbidities** | |||
Hypertension (%) | 109 (68.1) | 92 (62.6) | 0.308 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 35 (21.9) | 31 (21.1) | 0.867 |
Kidney stones (%) | 7 (4.4) | 10 (6.8) | 0.353 |
Renal impairment (%) | 37 (23.1) | 63 (42.9) | 0.000 |
Serum uric acid baseline (mmol/l) Mean (± SD) | 0.54 (± 0.12) | 0.56 (0.12) | 0.1339 |
Renal function, eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) Median (IQR) | 60 (48–70) | 50 (34–68) | 0.0008 |
Medication | |||
Diuretics (%) | 111 (69.4) | 93 (63.3) | 0.257 |
Insulin (%)*** | 32 (20) | 39 (26.5) | 0.175 |
Other oral diabetics (%)*** | 75 (46.9) | 56 (38.1) | 0.1194 |
Number of involved joints | 0.396 | ||
Mono articular disease: 1 joint (%) | 33 (20.8) | 22 (15) | |
Oligo articular disease: 2–4 joints (%) | 77 (48.4) | 79 (53.7) | |
Poly articular disease: > 4 joints (%) | 49 (30.8) | 46 (31.3) | |
MTP-1 involved (%) | 100 (70.4) | 95 (74.8) | 0.422 |
Tophi (%) | 53 (33.1) | 57 (38.8) | 0.302 |
Crystal-proven gout (%) | 117 (73.1) | 119 (81) | 0.104 |
Erosions (%) | 26 (16.3) | 30 (20.4) | 0.346 |
ULT started | 0.450 | ||
Allopurinol (%) | 156 (97.5) | 144 (98) | |
Benzbromarone (%) | 4 (2.5) | 2 (1.4) | |
Febuxostat (%) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | |
Start dose allopurinol (mg/day) median (IQR) | 100 (100–100) | 100 (100–100) | 0.3469 |
Colchicine use (%) | 115 (71.9) | 102 (69.4) | 0.632 |