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Table 1 Descriptive statistics for sample at T1 and T2, and change from T1 to T2

From: Autonomous motivation to reduce sedentary behaviour is associated with less sedentary time and improved health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal study

 

n

T1

n

T2

n

Change

Age (years)

102

58.3 (12.3)

53

58.9 (12.2)

Sex (% female)

72

71

37

70

Ethnicity (% Caucasian)

97

95

51

96

Marital status (% married)

66

65

38

70

RA disease

RA duration (years)

102

10.4 (10.5)

53

9.0 (8.1)

Physical function (HAQ)

102

1.2 (0.8)

53

1.0 (0.8)

DMARDs (% on DMARDs)

92

90

46

87

Anti-TNF (% on anti-TNF)

15

14

11

20

NSAIDs (% on NSAIDs)

19

18

11

20

Physical health

Height (m)

102

1.7 (0.1)

53

1.7 (0.1)

Weight (kg)

102

80.0 (20.3)

53

81.7 (22.0)

BMI (kg/m2)

102

29.1 (6.1)

53

29.7 (6.6)

Systolic BP (mmHg)

102

129 (15)

53

132 (13)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

102

77 (9)

53

77 (8)

Quality of motivation

Autonomous motivation (BREQ-2)

102

7.2 (1.4)

53

7.5 (1.5)

53

− 0.1 (1.2)

Controlled motivation (BREQ-2)

102

4.3 (1.6)

53

4.3 (1.7)

53

− 0.0 (1.7)

activPAL3μ™ data

Valid wear time (min/day)

102

913.0 (56.7)

53

941.3 (60.4)

53

20.5 (54.2)

Sedentary time (min/day)

102

546.1 (116.6)

53

574.8 (98.8)

53

37.9 (65.3)

Standing time (min/day)

102

267.5 (101.0)

53

266.6 (92.7)

53

− 13.1 (59.9)

Stepping time (min/day)

102

99.4 (37.4)

53

99.9 (40.3)

53

− 4.3 (19.8)

Sedentary time (%/day)

102

60.0 (12.9)

53

61.4 (11.6)

53

2.8 (6.8)

Standing time (%/day)

102

29.2 (10.5)

53

28.1 (8.9)

53

− 2.1 (5.9)

Stepping time (%/day)

102

10.9 (4.0)

53

10.5 (4.0)

53

− 0.7 (2.2)

Clinically-important outcomes

DAS-28

102

4.0 (1.5)

53

4.0 (1.5)

53

0.2 (1.3)

CRP (mg/l)

102

6.1 (7.6)

52

6.2 (8.2)

52

0.9 (8.3)

Patient-important outcomes

Pain (MPQ)

102

12.8 (11.0)

53

13.4 (11.0)

53

− 0.7 (10.0)

Fatigue (MAF)

102

24.8 (13.2)

53

23.6 (13.2)

53

− 1.5 (8.7)

  1. aValues are percentages (%) and mean (standard deviation)
  2. bn = number of participants; T1 = time 1; T2 = time 2; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; HAQ = Health Assessment Questionnaire; DMARDs = disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; Anti-TNF = anti-tumour necrosis factor; NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; BMI = body-mass index; BP = blood pressure; BREQ-2 = Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2; DAS-28 = Disease Activity Score-28; CRP = c-reactive protein; MPQ = McGill Pain Questionnaire; MAF = Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale