Table 2 Review of adult case reports associating SLE development and COVID-19 vaccination
From: Presentation of SLE after COVID vaccination in a pediatric patient
Case report | Vaccine administered | Clinical symptoms | Family history of autoimmunity | Laboratory values/imaging/ biopsy results | Medications utilized |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baez et al. Case Rep Rheumatology Feb 2022 | Moderna COVID-19 vaccine (2nd dose) | 27-year-old Female with Type 1 Diabetes developed arthritis two weeks after administration | Mother with SLE | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, and anti-La/SSB antibodies; low C4 levels | Low dose prednisone and hydroxychloroquine |
Kaur et al Cureus 2022 Feb | Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (2nd dose) | 54-year-old male with history of Sjögren’s syndrome; developed fever, lymphadenopathy, and purpuric lesions two weeks after vaccine | None reported | Hypocomplementemia, Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA antibodies, anti-Smith antibodies, anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies, anti-histone antibodies | High dose prednisone |
Hidaka et al. Int J Hematol 2022 Feb | Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (2nd dose) | 53-year -old female with history of bronchial asthma, Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease, and Hashimoto disease; developed wheezing and conjunctival pallor two weeks after vaccine | None reported | Positive antinuclear antibody, hemolytic anemia, positive Coombs, thrombocytopenia, hypocomplementemia, positive lupus anticoagulant | High dose prednisone |
Nune et al. Int Journal Medicine 2021 | Pfizer-BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (2nd dose) | 24-year-old male developed polyarthralgia, fever and fatigue two weeks after vaccine | None reported | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, lymphopenia, hypocomplementemia | High dose prednisone, methotrexate |
Mousa et al. Clin Rheumatol. 2022 May | Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1st dose) | 22-year-old female developed abdominal pain, vomiting, and rash one week after vaccine | No family history of autoimmunity | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, lymphopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, elevated lipase and amylase, hypocomplementemia | High dose prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine |
Zavala-Miranda et al. Kidney Int. 2021 Dec | AstraZeneca CoV-19 vaccine (1st dose) | 23-year-old woman who presented with nephrotic syndrome 1 week after vaccine | No family history of autoimmunity | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, lymphopenia, elevated protein-to-creatinine ratio, class V Lupus Nephritis | High dose prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, hydroxychloroquine, and diuretics |
Kim et al. Kidney Int. 2022 April | AstraZeneca CoV-19 vaccine (2nd dose) | 60-year-old woman with history of positive ANA developed fevers and pitting edema eight weeks after administration | None reported | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith, lymphopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated creatinine, elevated protein-to-creatinine ratio, class III Lupus Nephritis | Intravenous methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, High dose prednisone, hydroxychloroquine |
Rios et al. Mod Rheumatol Case Rep. 2022 March | Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1st dose) | 42-year-old woman who developed inflammatory arthritis with sudden onset dyspnea and hypoxemia 2 weeks after administration | None reported | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, lymphopenia, hypocomplementemia, positive lupus anticoagulant, elevated D-dimer, CT pulmonary angiogram consistent with filling defect in the right pulmonary artery | Intravenous methylprednisolone, high dose prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, anticoagulation, azathioprine |
Lemoine et al. Clin Rheumatol. 2022 | Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1st dose) | 68-year-old woman who presented with upper and lower extremity muscle weakness, stiffness, and pain along with subsequent rash one week after administration | None reported | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA | High dose prednisone, azathioprine, methotrexate |
Raviv et al. Case Rep Rheumatol. 2022 Feb | Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1st dose) | 24-year-old male developed facial rash 2 days after vaccine administration, followed by development of inflammatory arthritis with hair loss eight weeks after administration | No family history of autoimmunity | Positive antinuclear antibody, antichromatin antibody, ribosome P antibody, hypocomplementemia | Topical steroid cream, hydroxychloroquine etoricoxib |
Patil et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Oct | AstraZeneca CoV-19 vaccine (2nd dose) | 22‐year‐old female with history of jaundice developed fever, polyarthralgia, rash, lower extremity edema and petechia one week after administration | Sister with autoimmune thyroiditis | Positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA antibody, anti-histone antibody, hemolytic anemia, positive Coombs, thrombocytopenia, elevated urine albumin 1+ | High dose prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, furosemide, telmisartan |