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Table 3 Significant clinical associations with positive antinuclear antibodies (titer ≥ 1:80) in all patients tested and the findings for those diagnoses in those with and without autoimmune disease

From: Clinical diagnoses associated with a positive antinuclear antibody test in patients with and without autoimmune disease

Phecode

Clinical diagnosis

All ANA testedb

With ADb

Without ADb

OR

P-value

OR

P-value

OR

P-value

695.42

Systemic lupus erythematosusa

9.1

0.0E + 00

5.4

7.8E-202

-

-

709.6

Other specified diffuse diseases of connective tissuea

7.4

7.5E-128

5.4

8.9E-86

-

-

709.2

Sicca syndromea

4.8

9.7E-127

3.6

8.6E-77

-

-

709.7

Unspecified diffuse connective tissue diseasea

8.0

5.9E-122

5.6

4.2E-80

-

-

443.1

Raynaud's syndromea

3.4

2.2E-89

3.4

4.5E-42

2.1

3.2E-15c

709.3

Systemic sclerosisa

11.9

5.7E-85

8.8

1.9E-64

-

-

709

Diffuse diseases of connective tissuea

19.5

2.3E-79

13.4

2.1E-59

-

-

695.41

Cutaneous lupus erythematosusa

5.3

6.1E-78

3.2

4.5E-37

-

-

709.5

Dermatomyositisa

5.1

1.5E-40

3.6

1.0E-25

-

-

279.7

Other immunological findingsa

5.4

1.7E-39

3.6

9.7E-14

-

-

580.31

Nephritis & nephropathy in diseases classified elsewhere

2.6

7.3E-37

2.7

2.7E-19

1.34

0.76

362.5

Toxic maculopathy of retina

5.2

7.6E-27

3.2

2.7E-12

-

-

740.2

Osteoarthrosis, generalized

1.4

1.9E-26

1.1

0.32

1.4

4.0E-06c

745

Pain in joint

1.2

2.4E-22

1.4

0.29

1.1

6.3E-06c

70.3

Viral hepatitis C

0.7

6.1E-22

0.5

4.8E-23

0.7

6.5E-10c

504

Other alveolar and parietoalveolar pneumonopathy

1.7

4.4E-19

1.6

5.4E-07

1.4

7.7E-06c

296.2

Depression

0.8

1.0E-14

0.7

1.9E-14

0.8

1.5E-05c

250.2

Type 2 diabetes

0.8

1.5E-14

0.7

4.0E-23

0.9

3.5E-03

286.81

Primary hypercoagulable state

1.8

6.8E-14

1.8

1.4E-06

1.7

0.02

785

Abdominal pain

0.9

1.6E-13

0.7

7.0E-26

0.91

1.8E-04

318

Tobacco use disorder

0.8

4.2E-12

0.8

1.0E-07

0.8

1.9E-08c

504.1

Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis

1.6

4.1E-12

1.6

1.75E-04

1.5

6.3E-06c

316

Substance addiction and disorders

0.7

6.7E-12

0.6

3.6E-09

0.8

6.0E-06c

300.1

Anxiety disorder

0.8

1.4E-11

0.7

2.5E-14

0.9

1.4E-03

296.22

Major depressive disorder

0.8

2.7E-11

0.7

6.3E-13

0.9

1.0E-04

296.1

Bipolar

0.7

2.8E-11

0.6

1.9E-07

0.8

1.0E-04

709.4

Polymyositisa

2.6

3.1E-11

1.9

1.0E-05

-

-

300.9

Posttraumatic stress disorder

0.7

1.5E-10

0.6

1.6E-06

0.7

2.1E-05c

345.3

Convulsions

0.8

9.1E-10

0.7

9.8E-06

0.8

2.2E-06c

585.1

Acute renal failure

0.9

3.5E-09

0.7

4.5E-18

0.9

1.5E-04

250.22

Type 2 diabetes with renal manifestations

0.8

3.6E-09

0.6

6.2E-15

0.9

0.09

292.4

Altered mental status

0.8

5.2E-09

0.6

3.1E-13

0.9

1.1E-03

250.1

Type 1 diabetes

0.7

1.5E-08

0.5

3.5E-14

0.9

0.06

296

Mood disorders

0.8

9.3E-08

0.6

1.4E-10

0.8

9.3E-03

348.8

Encephalopathy, not elsewhere classified

0.8

1.9E-07

0.6

6.2E-11

0.8

5.9E-03

300.11

Generalized anxiety disorder

0.7

2.1E-07

0.7

3.3E-05

0.8

1.3E-03

571.8

Liver abscess and sequelae of chronic liver disease

0.8

3.0E-07

0.5

4.6E-22

0.9

0.02

291.8

Alteration of consciousness

0.8

8.6E-07

0.7

1.0E-05

0.8

1.1E-04

783

Fever of unknown origin

0.9

1.3E-06

0.7

7.1E-14

0.8

3.3E-07c

250.6

Polyneuropathy in diabetes

0.8

1.9E-06

0.6

2.5E-08

0.9

0.04

555.2

Ulcerative colitisa

1.4

2.7E-06

0.7

2.2E-06

-

-

495

Asthma

0.9

2.9E-06

0.7

1.2E-09

0.9

0.03

585.2

Renal failure NOS

0.8

3.3E-06

0.6

3.7E-08

0.8

1.5E-03

760

Back pain

0.9

4.5E-06

0.8

5.8E-08

0.9

5.8E-05

250.24

Type 2 diabetes with neurological manifestations

0.8

5.0E-06

0.6

5.5E-16

1.0

0.66

250.23

Type 2 diabetes with ophthalmic manifestations

0.7

5.1E-06

0.5

2.0E-09

0.9

0.21

789

Nausea and vomiting

0.9

6.6E-06

0.8

2.2E-12

0.9

2.2E-05c

401.1

Essential hypertension

0.9

1.7E-05

0.8

1.7E-06

0.9

2.0E-03

250

Diabetes mellitus

0.8

2.5E-05

0.6

3.1E-09

0.9

0.08

496

Chronic airway obstruction

0.8

2.7E-05

0.7

1.2E-08

0.9

0.06

  1. Data are shown for the 50 of the 83 significant (P < 5.0E-05) associations in the whole cohort. All significant associations for the cohorts are shown in Supplement Tables (S2, S3 and S4)
  2. ANA Antinuclear antibody, AD ANA-related autoimmune disease, OR Odds ratio. Data is not shown for those diagnoses with < 200 cases
  3. aAutoimmune disorders excluded from the cohort without autoimmune disease
  4. bAdjusting for sex, year of birth, race, length of follow-up in the HER
  5. cSignificant associations in patients without autoimmune diseases